Geology and Minerals
In geology, eduction is a process in which the Earth's crust spreads sideways, exposing deep-seated rocks. It is prominent in the middle layers of the Himalayas, where gravity pushes the mountains down. Together with a high grade of erosion, this activity brings deep rocks to the surface, many from more than a depth of 100 km. The unusually fast elevation preserves rare metastable minerals, e.g. diamonds and coesite.
2023 eruption of Mount Marapi.
History of coal mining in the United States.
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